{"id":100,"date":"2026-09-30T19:31:51","date_gmt":"2026-09-30T17:31:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/leweb2ks.dev\/vitrine-vocadial\/es\/recursos\/past-simple\/"},"modified":"2026-09-30T19:31:51","modified_gmt":"2026-09-30T17:31:51","slug":"past-simple","status":"publish","type":"vd_ressource","link":"https:\/\/vocadial.com\/es\/recursos\/past-simple\/","title":{"rendered":"Past simple en ingl\u00e9s: -ed, verbos irregulares, did y pronunciaci\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cu\u00e1ndo se usa el past simple<\/h2>\n\n

El past simple cuenta hechos terminados en un momento pasado concreto, dicho o sobreentendido. Equivale casi siempre al pret\u00e9rito indefinido espa\u00f1ol: \u00abtrabaj\u00e9\u00bb, \u00abfui\u00bb, \u00abvi\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n

I saw Marta yesterday.<\/span>Vi a Marta ayer.<\/small><\/p>\n\n

We went to London in 2019.<\/span>Fuimos a Londres en 2019.<\/small><\/p>\n\n

She got up, had a shower and left.<\/span>Se levant\u00f3, se duch\u00f3 y se fue.<\/small><\/p>\n\n

When I was little, I played the piano.<\/span>De peque\u00f1o tocaba el piano.<\/small><\/p>\n\n

Va con expresiones de tiempo terminado: yesterday<\/span>, last night<\/span> (anoche), last week<\/span>, last summer<\/span>, in 2019<\/span>, on Monday<\/span>, when I was ten<\/span> y ago<\/span>: two years ago<\/span>, \u00abhace dos a\u00f1os\u00bb. ago<\/span> va siempre detr\u00e1s de la cantidad.<\/p>\n\n

Los tres pasados del espa\u00f1ol y el ingl\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\n
  1. Pret\u00e9rito indefinido: past simple.<\/strong> \u00abAyer com\u00ed paella\u00bb: I had paella yesterday.<\/span><\/li>
  2. Pret\u00e9rito imperfecto: depende.<\/strong> Para un h\u00e1bito pasado, past simple o used to<\/span>: I played<\/span> o I used to play<\/span>. Para una acci\u00f3n en curso interrumpida, past continuous: I was reading when she called.<\/span> Para estados, past simple: I was tired.<\/span><\/li>
  3. Pret\u00e9rito perfecto: depende.<\/strong> Sin momento concreto, present perfect: I’ve been to Paris<\/span> (\u00abhe estado en Par\u00eds\u00bb). Con un momento ya terminado, past simple, aunque en Espa\u00f1a se diga \u00abhe\u00bb: \u00abEsta ma\u00f1ana he visto a Juan\u00bb, dicho por la tarde, es I saw Juan this morning.<\/span><\/li><\/ol>\n\n

    En ingl\u00e9s americano, el past simple ocupa parte del terreno del present perfect brit\u00e1nico: Did you eat yet?<\/span> (EE. UU.) frente a Have you eaten yet?<\/span> (Reino Unido).<\/p>\n\n

    Verbos regulares: -ed y su ortograf\u00eda<\/h2>\n\n
    1. Regla general: -ed.<\/strong> work<\/span>, worked<\/span>; play<\/span>, played<\/span>; watch<\/span>, watched<\/span>.<\/li>
    2. Verbos en -e: solo -d.<\/strong> live<\/span>, lived<\/span>; dance<\/span>, danced<\/span>; like<\/span>, liked<\/span>.<\/li>
    3. Consonante + y: -ied.<\/strong> study<\/span>, studied<\/span>; try<\/span>, tried<\/span>; cry<\/span>, cried<\/span>. Con vocal + y, -ed: played<\/span>, enjoyed<\/span> (pero paid<\/span>, said<\/span> y laid<\/span> son irregulares).<\/li>
    4. Consonante final doble.<\/strong> En los verbos de una s\u00edlaba acabados en consonante + vocal + consonante: stop<\/span>, stopped<\/span>; plan<\/span>, planned<\/span>. En los de dos, solo si el acento cae en la \u00faltima: prefer<\/span>, preferred<\/span>; admit<\/span>, admitted<\/span>; pero visit<\/span>, visited<\/span> y open<\/span>, opened<\/span>. Nunca se doblan w, x ni y: snowed<\/span>, fixed<\/span>.<\/li>
    5. La -l brit\u00e1nica.<\/strong> En el Reino Unido se dobla siempre: travelled<\/span>, cancelled<\/span>. En Estados Unidos, no: traveled<\/span>, canceled<\/span>.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n

      Pronunciaci\u00f3n de -ed: \/t\/, \/d\/ o \/\u026ad\/<\/h2>\n\n

      La -ed no suena igual en todos los verbos, y casi nunca es una s\u00edlaba.<\/p>\n\n

      Sonido<\/th>Cu\u00e1ndo<\/th>Ejemplos<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      \/t\/<\/td>tras un sonido sordo: \/p\/, \/k\/, \/f\/, \/s\/, \/\u0283\/, \/t\u0283\/, \/\u03b8\/<\/td>stopped, worked, laughed, missed, washed, watched<\/td><\/tr>
      \/d\/<\/td>tras vocal o sonido sonoro<\/td>played, lived, cleaned, called, opened, studied<\/td><\/tr>
      \/\u026ad\/<\/td>tras \/t\/ y \/d\/<\/td>wanted, needed, started, decided, visited<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n

      Solo el tercer grupo gana una s\u00edlaba. worked<\/span> suena \u00abworkt\u00bb, en una s\u00edlaba, y watched<\/span>, \u00abwocht\u00bb. Decir \u00abwork-ed\u00bb o \u00abplay-ed\u00bb es el error m\u00e1s extendido entre hispanohablantes. Cuenta el sonido, no la letra: laughed<\/span> termina en \/f\/, as\u00ed que se dice \/l\u0251\u02d0ft\/.<\/p>\n\n

      Verbos irregulares frecuentes<\/h2>\n\n
      Infinitivo<\/th>Past simple<\/th>Espa\u00f1ol<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      be<\/td>was \/ were<\/td>ser, estar<\/td><\/tr>
      have<\/td>had<\/td>tener, haber<\/td><\/tr>
      do<\/td>did<\/td>hacer<\/td><\/tr>
      go<\/td>went<\/td>ir<\/td><\/tr>
      get<\/td>got<\/td>conseguir, llegar<\/td><\/tr>
      make<\/td>made<\/td>hacer, fabricar<\/td><\/tr>
      say<\/td>said<\/td>decir<\/td><\/tr>
      see<\/td>saw<\/td>ver<\/td><\/tr>
      come<\/td>came<\/td>venir<\/td><\/tr>
      take<\/td>took<\/td>tomar, coger<\/td><\/tr>
      know<\/td>knew<\/td>saber, conocer<\/td><\/tr>
      think<\/td>thought<\/td>pensar, creer<\/td><\/tr>
      give<\/td>gave<\/td>dar<\/td><\/tr>
      find<\/td>found<\/td>encontrar<\/td><\/tr>
      tell<\/td>told<\/td>decir, contar<\/td><\/tr>
      leave<\/td>left<\/td>irse, dejar<\/td><\/tr>
      feel<\/td>felt<\/td>sentir(se)<\/td><\/tr>
      buy<\/td>bought<\/td>comprar<\/td><\/tr>
      bring<\/td>brought<\/td>traer<\/td><\/tr>
      eat<\/td>ate<\/td>comer<\/td><\/tr>
      drink<\/td>drank<\/td>beber<\/td><\/tr>
      write<\/td>wrote<\/td>escribir<\/td><\/tr>
      read<\/td>read<\/td>leer<\/td><\/tr>
      speak<\/td>spoke<\/td>hablar<\/td><\/tr>
      meet<\/td>met<\/td>conocer, quedar con<\/td><\/tr>
      sleep<\/td>slept<\/td>dormir<\/td><\/tr>
      run<\/td>ran<\/td>correr<\/td><\/tr>
      swim<\/td>swam<\/td>nadar<\/td><\/tr>
      put<\/td>put<\/td>poner<\/td><\/tr>
      lose<\/td>lost<\/td>perder<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n

      read<\/span> en pasado se escribe igual, pero suena \u00abred\u00bb. said<\/span> suena \u00absed\u00bb, y bought<\/span> y brought<\/span> solo se diferencian por la r. La lista completa, agrupada por patrones, est\u00e1 en la ficha de verbos irregulares en ingl\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n

      Was y were<\/h3>\n\n

      El verbo be<\/span> es el \u00fanico con dos formas de pasado, y no usa did<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n

      Afirmativa<\/th>Negativa<\/th>Pregunta<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      I was<\/td>I wasn’t<\/td>Was I?<\/td><\/tr>
      you were<\/td>you weren’t<\/td>Were you?<\/td><\/tr>
      he \/ she \/ it was<\/td>he \/ she \/ it wasn’t<\/td>Was he \/ she \/ it?<\/td><\/tr>
      we were<\/td>we weren’t<\/td>Were we?<\/td><\/tr>
      you were<\/td>you weren’t<\/td>Were you?<\/td><\/tr>
      they were<\/td>they weren’t<\/td>Were they?<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n

      \u00abNac\u00ed en 2012\u00bb es I was born in 2012<\/span>: en ingl\u00e9s se dice con be<\/span>, nunca \u00abI born\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n

      Negativa y preguntas con did<\/h2>\n\n

      did<\/span> sirve para todas las personas y lleva ya la marca de pasado. El verbo vuelve a su forma base.<\/p>\n\n

      Afirmativa<\/th>Negativa<\/th>Pregunta<\/th>Respuesta corta<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      She played.<\/td>She didn’t play.<\/td>Did she play?<\/td>Yes, she did.<\/td><\/tr>
      They went.<\/td>They didn’t go.<\/td>Did they go?<\/td>No, they didn’t.<\/td><\/tr>
      He saw it.<\/td>He didn’t see it.<\/td>Did he see it?<\/td>Yes, he did.<\/td><\/tr>
      You were late.<\/td>You weren’t late.<\/td>Were you late?<\/td>Yes, I was.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n
      1. Did + verbo base.<\/strong> I didn’t go<\/span>, Did you see\u2026?<\/span> Nunca \u00abdidn’t went\u00bb ni \u00abDid you saw\u00bb.<\/li>
      2. Part\u00edcula + did + sujeto + verbo.<\/strong> Where did you go?<\/span> What did she say?<\/span><\/li>
      3. Preguntas de sujeto, sin did.<\/strong> Who broke the window?<\/span> What happened?<\/span> Aqu\u00ed el verbo s\u00ed va en pasado.<\/li>
      4. Be y could no usan did.<\/strong> Were you tired?<\/span> Could you see it?<\/span><\/li><\/ol>\n\n

        En clase: la ruleta del pasado<\/h2>\n\n

        Lo que cuesta del past simple no es entenderlo, sino producirlo r\u00e1pido. Una ruleta que elige el verbo y una frase sobre el d\u00eda anterior, cada ma\u00f1ana, es exactamente lo que hace un ritual diario.<\/p>\n\n

        1. Gira la ruleta: sale un verbo, por ejemplo eat<\/span>.<\/li>
        2. La clase dice el infinitivo y el pasado a coro: eat, ate<\/span>. Si es regular, marca con la mano el sonido final: \/t\/, \/d\/ o \/\u026ad\/.<\/li>
        3. Un alumno cuenta algo de ayer con ese verbo: I ate pasta yesterday.<\/span><\/li>
        4. Otro pregunta con did: Did you eat pasta yesterday?<\/span> La clase responde en corto: Yes, I did.<\/span> o No, I didn’t.<\/span><\/li>
        5. Cierra en negativa y en tercera persona: Pablo didn’t eat pasta. He ate fish.<\/span><\/li><\/ol>\n\n

          Adaptar al nivel del grupo<\/h3>\n\n
          • A1<\/b>was y were, y unos pocos pasados en frases fijas: I was born in\u2026<\/span>, I went to\u2026<\/span><\/li>
          • A2<\/b>Regulares con -ed y su pronunciaci\u00f3n, irregulares frecuentes, did en negativa y preguntas<\/li>
          • B1<\/b>Past simple frente a past continuous y used to; preguntas de sujeto: Who told you?<\/span><\/li>
          • B2<\/b>Past simple frente a present perfect, diferencias entre Reino Unido y Estados Unidos, y past simple con valor hipot\u00e9tico: If I had more time\u2026<\/span>, I wish I knew.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n

            En Primaria, un \u00ab\u00bfqu\u00e9 hiciste el fin de semana?\u00bb con im\u00e1genes basta: I played football. I watched TV.<\/span> En la ESO, las cadenas de historias (cada alumno a\u00f1ade una frase en pasado) fijan los irregulares. En Bachillerato o en la EOI, dedica tiempo al contraste con el present perfect, que es donde m\u00e1s fallan incluso los alumnos avanzados.<\/p>\n\n

            Errores t\u00edpicos de los alumnos hispanohablantes<\/h2>\n\n
            • Poner el pasado detr\u00e1s de did: \u00abI didn’t went\u00bb, \u00abDid you saw it?\u00bb. Correcto: I didn’t go.<\/span> Did you see it?<\/span><\/li>
            • Regularizar los irregulares: \u00abgoed\u00bb, \u00abbuyed\u00bb, \u00abeated\u00bb, \u00abcatched\u00bb.<\/li>
            • Pronunciar -ed como s\u00edlaba: \u00abwork-ed\u00bb, \u00abplay-ed\u00bb, \u00abwatch-ed\u00bb.<\/li>
            • Preguntar sin did: \u00abWhere you went?\u00bb. Correcto: Where did you go?<\/span><\/li>
            • A\u00f1adir did en preguntas de sujeto: \u00abWhat did happen?\u00bb. Correcto: What happened?<\/span><\/li>
            • Mezclar be y el pasado: \u00abI was go to the park\u00bb. Correcto: I went to the park.<\/span><\/li>
            • Calcar el perfecto: \u00abYesterday I have seen a film\u00bb. Correcto: Yesterday I saw a film.<\/span><\/li>
            • Calcar \u00abhace\u00bb: \u00abbefore two years\u00bb, \u00abago two years\u00bb. Correcto: two years ago<\/span>.<\/li>
            • Decir \u00abyesterday night\u00bb. Correcto: last night<\/span>.<\/li>
            • Olvidar was en \u00abnac\u00ed\u00bb: \u00abI born in 2012\u00bb. Correcto: I was born in 2012.<\/span><\/li>
            • Usar did con be: \u00abDid you be tired?\u00bb. Correcto: Were you tired?<\/span><\/li><\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              C\u00f3mo se forma y cu\u00e1ndo se usa el past simple, con la pronunciaci\u00f3n de -ed, los irregulares frecuentes y los errores de hispanohablantes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"menu_order":42,"template":"","meta":{"_seopress_titles_title":"Past simple: reglas, -ed e irregulares | VocaDial","_seopress_titles_desc":"El past simple en ingl\u00e9s: -ed y su ortograf\u00eda, pronunciaci\u00f3n \/t\/ \/d\/ \/\u026ad\/, irregulares frecuentes, was\/were, did en negativa y preguntas, y errores.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":0,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_seopress_news_disabled":"","_seopress_video_disabled":"","_seopress_video":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas_manual":[],"_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable_all":"","_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas":[],"_vd_topic":"passe","_vd_target":"en","_vd_module":"rueda","_vd_level":"A2\u2013B1","_vd_minutes":"10","_vd_card_word":"I went","_vd_answer":"El past simple de los verbos regulares se forma a\u00f1adiendo -ed al verbo (work \u2192 worked, live \u2192 lived, study \u2192 studied, stop \u2192 stopped) y es igual en todas las personas. Los irregulares tienen forma propia (go \u2192 went, see \u2192 saw, buy \u2192 bought). La negativa y las preguntas usan did + verbo base: I didn't work, Did you go? Se usa para acciones terminadas en un momento del pasado: I saw him yesterday.","_vd_faq":"[{\"q\":\"\u00bfC\u00f3mo se forma el past simple en ingl\u00e9s?\",\"a\":\"En los verbos regulares, a\u00f1adiendo -ed (worked, played), -d si terminan en -e (lived) o -ied si terminan en consonante + y (studied). Los irregulares tienen forma propia (went, saw). La forma es igual en todas las personas, salvo was\\\/were.\"},{\"q\":\"\u00bfC\u00f3mo se pronuncia la -ed del pasado?\",\"a\":\"Como \\\/t\\\/ tras sonidos sordos (worked, watched), como \\\/d\\\/ tras vocales y sonidos sonoros (played, lived) y como \\\/\u026ad\\\/, con una s\u00edlaba m\u00e1s, solo tras \\\/t\\\/ y \\\/d\\\/ (wanted, needed).\"},{\"q\":\"\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 se dice I didn't go y no I didn't went?\",\"a\":\"Porque el auxiliar did ya indica el pasado. Detr\u00e1s de did, didn't y en las preguntas con did, el verbo va siempre en su forma base.\"},{\"q\":\"\u00bfCu\u00e1l es la diferencia entre past simple y present perfect?\",\"a\":\"El past simple sit\u00faa la acci\u00f3n en un momento pasado terminado (I saw him yesterday); el present perfect la relaciona con el presente, sin momento concreto (I've seen that film). En ingl\u00e9s americano, el past simple se usa a veces donde el brit\u00e1nico prefiere el present perfect.\"},{\"q\":\"\u00bfC\u00f3mo se dice \u00abhace dos a\u00f1os\u00bb en ingl\u00e9s?\",\"a\":\"Two years ago, con ago detr\u00e1s de la cantidad y el verbo en past simple: I moved here two years ago.\"},{\"q\":\"\u00bfCu\u00e1l es el pasado de to be?\",\"a\":\"Was para I, he, she e it, y were para you, we y they. Su negativa es wasn't \\\/ weren't y sus preguntas no llevan did: Were you at home?\"}]","_vd_key":"passe-en","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-100","vd_ressource","type-vd_ressource","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vocadial.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vd_ressource\/100","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vocadial.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vd_ressource"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vocadial.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/vd_ressource"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vocadial.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vd_ressource\/100\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vocadial.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=100"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}