{"id":107,"date":"2026-09-30T18:25:50","date_gmt":"2026-09-30T16:25:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/leweb2ks.dev\/vitrine-vocadial\/fr\/ressources\/present-simple-anglais\/"},"modified":"2026-09-30T18:25:50","modified_gmt":"2026-09-30T16:25:50","slug":"present-simple-anglais","status":"publish","type":"vd_ressource","link":"https:\/\/vocadial.com\/fr\/ressources\/present-simple-anglais\/","title":{"rendered":"Le present simple en anglais : r\u00e8gles, -s, do \/ does et adverbes de fr\u00e9quence"},"content":{"rendered":"

La r\u00e8gle en une ligne : le -s de la 3e personne<\/h2>\n\n

Au present simple, le verbe garde la forme de l’infinitif sans to<\/span> \u00e0 toutes les personnes, sauf \u00e0 la 3e personne du singulier<\/strong> (he<\/span>, she<\/span>, it<\/span>, ou un nom au singulier) qui prend un -s<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n

Anglais<\/th>Fran\u00e7ais<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
I play<\/td>je joue<\/td><\/tr>
you play<\/td>tu joues \/ vous jouez<\/td><\/tr>
he plays<\/td>il joue<\/td><\/tr>
she plays<\/td>elle joue<\/td><\/tr>
it plays<\/td>il \/ elle joue (objet, animal)<\/td><\/tr>
we play<\/td>nous jouons<\/td><\/tr>
they play<\/td>ils \/ elles jouent<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n

You<\/span> sert au singulier comme au pluriel, au tutoiement comme au vouvoiement : la forme du verbe ne change pas.<\/p>\n\n

L’orthographe du -s<\/h3>\n\n
  1. -es apr\u00e8s s, ss, sh, ch, x, z et o<\/strong> : misses<\/span>, washes<\/span>, watches<\/span>, fixes<\/span>, buzzes<\/span>, goes<\/span>, does<\/span>.<\/li>
  2. Consonne + y \u2192 -ies<\/strong> : study<\/span> \u2192 studies<\/span>, fly<\/span> \u2192 flies<\/span>, cry<\/span> \u2192 cries<\/span>.<\/li>
  3. Voyelle + y \u2192 -s simple<\/strong> : play<\/span> \u2192 plays<\/span>, buy<\/span> \u2192 buys<\/span>, say<\/span> \u2192 says<\/span>.<\/li>
  4. Have devient has<\/strong> : She has a cat.<\/span><\/li><\/ol>\n\n

    La prononciation du -s<\/h3>\n\n

    Elle d\u00e9pend du dernier son de la base verbale, comme pour le pluriel des noms.<\/p>\n\n

    Exemple<\/th>Son final<\/th>Prononciation du -s<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    works, stops, likes, laughs<\/td>consonne sourde (p, t, k, f)<\/td>\/s\/<\/td><\/tr>
    plays, reads, goes, lives<\/td>voyelle ou consonne sonore<\/td>\/z\/<\/td><\/tr>
    watches, washes, misses, uses, changes<\/td>s, z, ch, sh, j<\/td>\/\u026az\/, une syllabe en plus<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n

    Deux formes se prononcent autrement que leur base : says<\/span> \/sez\/ et does<\/span> \/d\u028cz\/.<\/p>\n\n

    La n\u00e9gation et les questions avec do \/ does<\/h2>\n\n

    Pour la n\u00e9gation et les questions, l’anglais emploie l’auxiliaire<\/strong> do<\/span>, qui porte le -s \u00e0 la 3e personne (does<\/span>). Le verbe principal reste alors \u00e0 la base verbale, sans -s<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n

    Forme<\/th>I \/ you \/ we \/ they<\/th>he \/ she \/ it<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Affirmative<\/td>They play tennis.<\/td>She plays tennis.<\/td><\/tr>
    N\u00e9gative<\/td>They don’t play tennis.<\/td>She doesn’t play tennis.<\/td><\/tr>
    Question<\/td>Do they play tennis?<\/td>Does she play tennis?<\/td><\/tr>
    R\u00e9ponse courte<\/td>Yes, they do. \/ No, they don’t.<\/td>Yes, she does. \/ No, she doesn’t.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n

    Don’t<\/span> = do not<\/span>, doesn’t<\/span> = does not<\/span> ; les formes pleines sont r\u00e9serv\u00e9es \u00e0 l’\u00e9crit soutenu ou \u00e0 l’insistance.<\/p>\n\n

    Avec un mot interrogatif, l’ordre est le m\u00eame : mot interrogatif + do\/does + sujet + verbe<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n

    Where do you live?<\/span>O\u00f9 habites-tu ?<\/small><\/p>\n\n

    What time does he get up?<\/span>\u00c0 quelle heure se l\u00e8ve-t-il ?<\/small><\/p>\n\n

    Quand le mot interrogatif est lui-m\u00eame le sujet, pas de do<\/span> : Who lives here?<\/span> (Qui habite ici ?)<\/p>\n\n

    Les verbes qui n’utilisent pas do<\/h3>\n\n
    • Be<\/strong> : I am, you are, he\/she\/it is, we are, they are<\/span> ; She isn’t here.<\/span> Are you ready?<\/span><\/li>
    • Can, must, should<\/strong> et les autres modaux : jamais de -s, jamais de do<\/span> : He can swim.<\/span> Can he swim?<\/span><\/li>
    • Have got<\/strong> (surtout britannique) : I’ve got a brother.<\/span> Have you got a pen?<\/span> L’anglais am\u00e9ricain, et de plus en plus l’anglais britannique, dit aussi Do you have a pen?<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n

      Les adverbes de fr\u00e9quence<\/h2>\n\n

      Le present simple exprime souvent l’habitude : il s’accompagne d’adverbes de fr\u00e9quence.<\/p>\n\n

      Adverbe<\/th>Fran\u00e7ais<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      always<\/td>toujours<\/td><\/tr>
      usually<\/td>d’habitude<\/td><\/tr>
      often<\/td>souvent<\/td><\/tr>
      sometimes<\/td>parfois<\/td><\/tr>
      rarely, seldom<\/td>rarement<\/td><\/tr>
      never<\/td>jamais<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n
      1. Avant le verbe principal<\/strong> : She always walks to school.<\/span> I never eat meat.<\/span><\/li>
      2. Apr\u00e8s be<\/strong> : He is always late.<\/span><\/li>
      3. Sometimes<\/strong> peut aussi se placer en t\u00eate de phrase : Sometimes I go by bus.<\/span><\/li>
      4. Les expressions de fr\u00e9quence<\/strong> se placent en fin de phrase : every day<\/span>, once a week<\/span>, twice a month<\/span>, on Mondays<\/span>.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n

        Les emplois du present simple<\/h2>\n\n
        • Habitudes<\/strong> : I get up at seven.<\/span><\/li>
        • V\u00e9rit\u00e9s g\u00e9n\u00e9rales<\/strong> : Water boils at 100 \u00b0C.<\/span><\/li>
        • Go\u00fbts, opinions, \u00e9tats<\/strong> : She likes music.<\/span> I know the answer.<\/span><\/li>
        • Horaires et programmes<\/strong> : The train leaves at 8.15.<\/span><\/li>
        • Futur apr\u00e8s when, as soon as, before, after, if<\/strong> : I’ll call you when I arrive.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n

          Le fran\u00e7ais \u00ab je joue \u00bb a deux traductions : le present simple pour l’habitude, le present continuous<\/strong> pour l’action en cours.<\/p>\n\n

          I play football on Saturdays.<\/span>Je joue au foot le samedi (habitude).<\/small><\/p>\n\n

          I’m playing football now.<\/span>Je joue au foot en ce moment.<\/small><\/p>\n\n

          En classe : le rituel du present simple<\/h2>\n\n

          La 3e personne se fixe par la r\u00e9p\u00e9tition : un verbe par jour, conjugu\u00e9 \u00e0 voix haute, suffit \u00e0 rendre le -s automatique.<\/p>\n\n

          1. La roue tire un verbe : watch<\/span>.<\/li>
          2. La classe conjugue personne par personne ; chaque forme se d\u00e9voile apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9ponse.<\/li>
          3. Arr\u00eatez-vous sur he<\/span>, she<\/span>, it<\/span> : un geste convenu (un doigt lev\u00e9) rappelle le -s, et la classe dit sa prononciation : \/s\/, \/z\/ ou \/\u026az\/ ?<\/li>
          4. Passez \u00e0 la n\u00e9gation et \u00e0 la question : She doesn’t watch TV. Does she watch TV?<\/span><\/li>
          5. Terminez par une question r\u00e9elle : What do you watch in the evening?<\/span> Un \u00e9l\u00e8ve r\u00e9pond, un autre rapporte : L\u00e9a watches cartoons.<\/span><\/li><\/ol>\n\n

            C’est exactement ce que fait un rituel quotidien : peu de temps, tous les jours, toujours la m\u00eame structure.<\/p>\n\n

            Adapter au niveau de la classe<\/h3>\n\n
            • A1<\/b>Be, have got, et l’affirmatif avec I, you, he, she.<\/li>
            • A2<\/b>N\u00e9gation et questions avec do \/ does, adverbes de fr\u00e9quence.<\/li>
            • B1<\/b>Present simple ou present continuous, verbes d’\u00e9tat (like<\/span>, know<\/span>, want<\/span>).<\/li>
            • B2<\/b>Horaires et futur apr\u00e8s when<\/span> \/ as soon as<\/span>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n

              Les erreurs typiques des \u00e9l\u00e8ves francophones<\/h2>\n\n
              • Le -s oubli\u00e9<\/strong> : \u00ab she play \u00bb ; il faut she plays<\/span>.<\/li>
              • Le -s doubl\u00e9<\/strong> : \u00ab she doesn’t plays \u00bb, \u00ab does he likes \u00bb ; apr\u00e8s does<\/span>, la base verbale : she doesn’t play<\/span>, does he like<\/span>.<\/li>
              • \u00ab Do you are\u2026? \u00bb<\/strong> : be n’utilise pas do, Are you\u2026?<\/span><\/li>
              • \u00ab I am agree \u00bb<\/strong> : agree<\/span> est un verbe, I agree<\/span>.<\/li>
              • L’adverbe mal plac\u00e9<\/strong> : \u00ab I go often \u00bb ; il faut I often go<\/span>.<\/li>
              • Le \u00ab depuis \u00bb fran\u00e7ais<\/strong> : \u00ab I live here since 2020 \u00bb ; l’anglais dit I have lived here since 2020<\/span> (present perfect).<\/li>
              • Le -s muet \u00e0 l’oral<\/strong> : les francophones l’\u00e9crivent mais ne le prononcent pas ; faites-le entendre (she works<\/span>, \/w\u025c\u02d0ks\/).<\/li><\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                She plays, she doesn’t play, does she play? : les r\u00e8gles du present simple anglais, le -s de la 3e personne et un rituel pour les automatiser.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"menu_order":43,"template":"","meta":{"_seopress_titles_title":"Present simple anglais : r\u00e8gles, -s et do\/does | VocaDial","_seopress_titles_desc":"Le present simple anglais : le -s de la 3e personne (orthographe, prononciation), n\u00e9gation et questions avec do\/does, adverbes de fr\u00e9quence, emplois.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":0,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_seopress_news_disabled":"","_seopress_video_disabled":"","_seopress_video":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas_manual":[],"_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable_all":"","_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas":[],"_vd_topic":"present","_vd_target":"en","_vd_module":"rueda","_vd_level":"A1\u2013B1","_vd_minutes":"8","_vd_card_word":"she plays","_vd_answer":"Le present simple se forme avec la base verbale (I play, you play, we play, they play), sauf \u00e0 la 3e personne du singulier qui prend un -s : he plays, she watches, it flies. La n\u00e9gation et la question se font avec do \/ does suivi de la base verbale : she doesn't play, does she play?","_vd_faq":"[{\"q\":\"Comment se forme le present simple en anglais ?\",\"a\":\"Avec la base verbale \u00e0 toutes les personnes (I work, you work, they work), plus un -s \u00e0 la 3e personne du singulier : he works, she works, it works.\"},{\"q\":\"Quand met-on -es au lieu de -s ?\",\"a\":\"Apr\u00e8s s, ss, sh, ch, x, z et o : misses, washes, watches, fixes, goes, does. Apr\u00e8s une consonne + y, le y devient -ies : studies, flies.\"},{\"q\":\"Quelle est la diff\u00e9rence entre do et does ?\",\"a\":\"Does s'emploie avec he, she, it et les noms au singulier ; do avec I, you, we, they. Le verbe qui suit reste \u00e0 la base verbale : Does she like pizza? She doesn't like pizza.\"},{\"q\":\"Quand utilise-t-on le present simple ?\",\"a\":\"Pour les habitudes, les v\u00e9rit\u00e9s g\u00e9n\u00e9rales, les go\u00fbts et les \u00e9tats, les horaires, et pour le futur apr\u00e8s when, as soon as ou if.\"},{\"q\":\"O\u00f9 se placent les adverbes de fr\u00e9quence en anglais ?\",\"a\":\"Avant le verbe principal (She always walks to school) mais apr\u00e8s be (He is always late). Sometimes peut aussi se mettre en t\u00eate de phrase.\"},{\"q\":\"Quelle est la diff\u00e9rence entre present simple et present continuous ?\",\"a\":\"Le present simple exprime l'habitude ou le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral (I play football on Saturdays) ; le present continuous, l'action en cours (I'm playing football now).\"}]","_vd_key":"present-en","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-107","vd_ressource","type-vd_ressource","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vocadial.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vd_ressource\/107","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vocadial.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vd_ressource"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vocadial.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/vd_ressource"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vocadial.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vd_ressource\/107\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vocadial.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=107"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}