{"id":109,"date":"2026-09-30T18:25:50","date_gmt":"2026-09-30T16:25:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/leweb2ks.dev\/vitrine-vocadial\/fr\/ressources\/preterit-anglais-past-simple\/"},"modified":"2026-09-30T18:25:50","modified_gmt":"2026-09-30T16:25:50","slug":"preterit-anglais-past-simple","status":"publish","type":"vd_ressource","link":"https:\/\/vocadial.com\/fr\/ressources\/preterit-anglais-past-simple\/","title":{"rendered":"Le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit en anglais (past simple) : -ed, verbes irr\u00e9guliers et did"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit, temps du r\u00e9cit<\/h2>\n\n

Le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit<\/strong> (en anglais past simple<\/span> ou simple past<\/span>) exprime une action termin\u00e9e, situ\u00e9e \u00e0 un moment pass\u00e9 r\u00e9volu. C’est le temps des r\u00e9cits et de toutes les phrases avec yesterday<\/span>, last week<\/span> ou ago<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n

Bonne nouvelle pour les \u00e9l\u00e8ves : sauf pour be<\/span>, le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit a la m\u00eame forme \u00e0 toutes les personnes<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n

I watched a film yesterday.<\/span>J’ai regard\u00e9 un film hier.<\/small><\/p>\n\n

She watched a film yesterday.<\/span>Elle a regard\u00e9 un film hier.<\/small><\/p>\n\n

Les verbes r\u00e9guliers : -ed<\/h2>\n\n

La plupart des verbes ajoutent -ed<\/strong> \u00e0 la base verbale : work<\/span> \u2192 worked<\/span>, play<\/span> \u2192 played<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n

L’orthographe<\/h3>\n\n
  1. Base en -e : on ajoute seulement -d<\/strong> : like<\/span> \u2192 liked<\/span>, live<\/span> \u2192 lived<\/span>.<\/li>
  2. Consonne + y \u2192 -ied<\/strong> : study<\/span> \u2192 studied<\/span>, try<\/span> \u2192 tried<\/span>. Mais voyelle + y \u2192 -ed : play<\/span> \u2192 played<\/span>, stay<\/span> \u2192 stayed<\/span>.<\/li>
  3. Consonne doubl\u00e9e<\/strong> apr\u00e8s une seule voyelle accentu\u00e9e suivie d’une seule consonne : stop<\/span> \u2192 stopped<\/span>, plan<\/span> \u2192 planned<\/span>, prefer<\/span> \u2192 preferred<\/span>. Pas de doublement si la derni\u00e8re syllabe n’est pas accentu\u00e9e : visit<\/span> \u2192 visited<\/span>, open<\/span> \u2192 opened<\/span>.<\/li>
  4. Le l final<\/strong> est doubl\u00e9 en anglais britannique, pas en anglais am\u00e9ricain : travelled<\/span> (UK) \/ traveled<\/span> (US), cancelled<\/span> \/ canceled<\/span>.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n

    La prononciation : \/t\/, \/d\/ ou \/\u026ad\/<\/h3>\n\n

    C’est le point le plus souvent fautif chez les francophones : le -ed ne s’entend comme une syllabe qu’apr\u00e8s t et d.<\/p>\n\n

    Exemples<\/th>Son final de la base<\/th>Prononciation du -ed<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    worked, stopped, watched, laughed, missed, washed<\/td>consonne sourde (sauf t)<\/td>\/t\/<\/td><\/tr>
    played, lived, cleaned, called, opened<\/td>voyelle ou consonne sonore (sauf d)<\/td>\/d\/<\/td><\/tr>
    wanted, needed, started, decided, visited<\/td>t ou d<\/td>\/\u026ad\/, une syllabe en plus<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n

    Worked<\/span> se prononce donc en une seule syllabe, \/w\u025c\u02d0kt\/, et non \u00ab work-ed \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n

    Les verbes irr\u00e9guliers les plus fr\u00e9quents<\/h2>\n\n

    Les verbes irr\u00e9guliers ont un pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit propre, qui s’apprend par c\u0153ur. Voici les plus courants.<\/p>\n\n

    Base verbale<\/th>Pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit<\/th>Fran\u00e7ais<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    be<\/td>was \/ were<\/td>\u00eatre<\/td><\/tr>
    have<\/td>had<\/td>avoir<\/td><\/tr>
    do<\/td>did<\/td>faire<\/td><\/tr>
    go<\/td>went<\/td>aller<\/td><\/tr>
    come<\/td>came<\/td>venir<\/td><\/tr>
    get<\/td>got<\/td>obtenir, devenir<\/td><\/tr>
    make<\/td>made<\/td>fabriquer, faire<\/td><\/tr>
    take<\/td>took<\/td>prendre<\/td><\/tr>
    see<\/td>saw<\/td>voir<\/td><\/tr>
    say<\/td>said<\/td>dire<\/td><\/tr>
    tell<\/td>told<\/td>dire, raconter<\/td><\/tr>
    give<\/td>gave<\/td>donner<\/td><\/tr>
    know<\/td>knew<\/td>savoir, conna\u00eetre<\/td><\/tr>
    think<\/td>thought<\/td>penser<\/td><\/tr>
    find<\/td>found<\/td>trouver<\/td><\/tr>
    buy<\/td>bought<\/td>acheter<\/td><\/tr>
    bring<\/td>brought<\/td>apporter<\/td><\/tr>
    eat<\/td>ate<\/td>manger<\/td><\/tr>
    drink<\/td>drank<\/td>boire<\/td><\/tr>
    write<\/td>wrote<\/td>\u00e9crire<\/td><\/tr>
    read<\/td>read<\/td>lire<\/td><\/tr>
    speak<\/td>spoke<\/td>parler<\/td><\/tr>
    meet<\/td>met<\/td>rencontrer<\/td><\/tr>
    leave<\/td>left<\/td>partir, quitter<\/td><\/tr>
    feel<\/td>felt<\/td>(se) sentir<\/td><\/tr>
    put<\/td>put<\/td>mettre<\/td><\/tr>
    run<\/td>ran<\/td>courir<\/td><\/tr>
    swim<\/td>swam<\/td>nager<\/td><\/tr>
    sleep<\/td>slept<\/td>dormir<\/td><\/tr>
    begin<\/td>began<\/td>commencer<\/td><\/tr>
    forget<\/td>forgot<\/td>oublier<\/td><\/tr>
    lose<\/td>lost<\/td>perdre<\/td><\/tr>
    win<\/td>won<\/td>gagner<\/td><\/tr>
    teach<\/td>taught<\/td>enseigner<\/td><\/tr>
    learn<\/td>learnt \/ learned<\/td>apprendre<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n

    Read<\/span> au pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit s’\u00e9crit comme la base mais se prononce \/red\/ ; said<\/span> se prononce \/sed\/. Learnt<\/span> est britannique, learned<\/span> est employ\u00e9 partout.<\/p>\n\n

    Be : was et were<\/h3>\n\n

    Seul verbe qui change selon la personne : I was, you were, he\/she\/it was, we were, they were<\/span>. Il n’utilise jamais did<\/span> : I wasn’t at home.<\/span> Were you tired?<\/span><\/p>\n\n

    La n\u00e9gation et les questions avec did<\/h2>\n\n

    Pour la n\u00e9gation et les questions, on emploie l’auxiliaire did<\/strong>, \u00e0 toutes les personnes. Le verbe principal revient alors \u00e0 la base verbale<\/strong> : c’est did<\/span> qui porte le pass\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n

    Forme<\/th>Verbe r\u00e9gulier<\/th>Verbe irr\u00e9gulier<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    Affirmative<\/td>She played tennis.<\/td>She went to London.<\/td><\/tr>
    N\u00e9gative<\/td>She didn’t play tennis.<\/td>She didn’t go to London.<\/td><\/tr>
    Question<\/td>Did she play tennis?<\/td>Did she go to London?<\/td><\/tr>
    R\u00e9ponse courte<\/td>Yes, she did. \/ No, she didn’t.<\/td>Yes, she did. \/ No, she didn’t.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n

    What did you do last weekend?<\/span>Qu’as-tu fait le week-end dernier ?<\/small><\/p>\n\n

    Where did they go?<\/span>O\u00f9 sont-ils all\u00e9s ?<\/small><\/p>\n\n

    Can<\/span> devient could<\/span>, sans did<\/span> : I couldn’t come.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

    Quand employer le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit<\/h2>\n\n
    • Action termin\u00e9e \u00e0 un moment pr\u00e9cis du pass\u00e9<\/strong> : I saw Tom yesterday.<\/span> She was born in 2012.<\/span><\/li>
    • Succession d’actions dans un r\u00e9cit<\/strong> : He opened the door, looked around and left.<\/span><\/li>
    • Dur\u00e9e pass\u00e9e et termin\u00e9e<\/strong> : I lived in Leeds for two years<\/span> (je n’y habite plus).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n

      Les marqueurs typiques : yesterday<\/span>, last night<\/span>, last week<\/span>, last year<\/span>, in 2020<\/span>, when I was a child<\/span>, et ago<\/span> qui se place apr\u00e8s<\/strong> la dur\u00e9e : three days ago<\/span> (il y a trois jours).<\/p>\n\n

      Pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit ou present perfect ?<\/h3>\n\n

      Le pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 fran\u00e7ais se traduit soit par le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit, soit par le present perfect (have<\/span> + participe pass\u00e9). Si le moment est pass\u00e9 et r\u00e9volu, c’est le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit :<\/p>\n\n

      I saw this film last week.<\/span>J’ai vu ce film la semaine derni\u00e8re.<\/small><\/p>\n\n

      I’ve already seen this film.<\/span>J’ai d\u00e9j\u00e0 vu ce film.<\/small><\/p>\n\n

      Le present perfect ne s’emploie jamais avec yesterday<\/span>, ago<\/span> ou une date. En anglais am\u00e9ricain, le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit s’emploie aussi, \u00e0 l’oral, avec just<\/span>, already<\/span> et yet<\/span> : Did you eat yet?<\/span><\/p>\n\n

      Et l’imparfait ?<\/h3>\n\n

      L’imparfait fran\u00e7ais n’a pas de traduction unique : description en cours \u2192 past continuous<\/strong> (I was reading when the phone rang<\/span>) ; habitude pass\u00e9e \u2192 pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit ou used to<\/span> (I used to live in Paris<\/span>) ; \u00e9tat \u2192 pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit (It was cold.<\/span>).<\/p>\n\n

      En classe : \u00ab What did you do yesterday? \u00bb<\/h2>\n\n

      La question What did you do yesterday?<\/span> fait travailler le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit chaque jour sur des faits r\u00e9els.<\/p>\n\n

      1. La roue tire un verbe : go<\/span>.<\/li>
      2. La classe donne la base, le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit et le sens : go, went<\/span>, aller. Le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit se d\u00e9voile.<\/li>
      3. Affirmative, n\u00e9gative, question, \u00e0 l’oral : I went to school. I didn’t go to school. Did you go to school?<\/span><\/li>
      4. Pour un verbe r\u00e9gulier, la classe dit la prononciation du -ed : \/t\/, \/d\/ ou \/\u026ad\/ ?<\/li>
      5. Terminez par la question du jour : What did you do yesterday?<\/span> Un \u00e9l\u00e8ve r\u00e9pond, un autre rapporte : Hugo played video games.<\/span><\/li><\/ol>\n\n

        Le hasard du tirage ram\u00e8ne les verbes d\u00e9j\u00e0 vus : c’est exactement ce que fait un rituel quotidien.<\/p>\n\n

        Adapter au niveau de la classe<\/h3>\n\n
        • A1<\/b>Was \/ were et quelques irr\u00e9guliers fr\u00e9quents : went<\/span>, had<\/span>, did<\/span>, saw<\/span>.<\/li>
        • A2<\/b>Les verbes en -ed et leur prononciation, did dans les n\u00e9gations et les questions, les irr\u00e9guliers du tableau.<\/li>
        • B1<\/b>Pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit et past continuous dans un r\u00e9cit, used to<\/span>.<\/li>
        • B2<\/b>Pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit ou present perfect, diff\u00e9rences UK \/ US.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n

          Les erreurs typiques des \u00e9l\u00e8ves francophones<\/h2>\n\n
          • Le pass\u00e9 en double<\/strong> : \u00ab I didn’t went \u00bb, \u00ab Did you saw? \u00bb ; apr\u00e8s did<\/span>, la base verbale : I didn’t go<\/span>, Did you see?<\/span><\/li>
          • Le calque du pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/strong> : \u00ab I have seen him yesterday \u00bb ; il faut I saw him yesterday.<\/span><\/li>
          • Le -ed prononc\u00e9 \/\u026ad\/ partout<\/strong> : \u00ab work-ed \u00bb, \u00ab play-ed \u00bb.<\/li>
          • Les irr\u00e9guliers r\u00e9gularis\u00e9s<\/strong> : \u00ab goed \u00bb, \u00ab buyed \u00bb, \u00ab thinked \u00bb.<\/li>
          • \u00ab I was go \u00bb<\/strong> : confusion avec be ; il faut I went.<\/span><\/li>
          • \u00ab Il y a trois jours \u00bb calqu\u00e9<\/strong> : \u00ab there are three days \u00bb ; il faut three days ago<\/span>, avec ago<\/span> apr\u00e8s la dur\u00e9e.<\/li>
          • Le pr\u00e9sent dans un r\u00e9cit au pass\u00e9<\/strong> : \u00ab Yesterday I go to the cinema \u00bb ; il faut Yesterday I went to the cinema.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Played, went, didn’t go : le past simple anglais, la prononciation du -ed, les irr\u00e9guliers les plus fr\u00e9quents et un rituel pour les fixer.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"menu_order":45,"template":"","meta":{"_seopress_titles_title":"Pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit anglais (past simple) : r\u00e8gles et -ed | VocaDial","_seopress_titles_desc":"Le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit anglais (past simple) : orthographe et prononciation du -ed, verbes irr\u00e9guliers fr\u00e9quents, did, was\/were, diff\u00e9rence avec le present perfect.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":0,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_seopress_news_disabled":"","_seopress_video_disabled":"","_seopress_video":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas_manual":[],"_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable_all":"","_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas":[],"_vd_topic":"passe","_vd_target":"en","_vd_module":"rueda","_vd_level":"A1\u2013B2","_vd_minutes":"9","_vd_card_word":"went","_vd_answer":"Le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit anglais (past simple) se forme en ajoutant -ed aux verbes r\u00e9guliers (worked, played, wanted) ; les verbes irr\u00e9guliers ont une forme propre (go \u2192 went, see \u2192 saw). La forme est la m\u00eame \u00e0 toutes les personnes, sauf be (was \/ were). N\u00e9gation et question se font avec did + base verbale : I didn't go, did you go?","_vd_faq":"[{\"q\":\"Comment former le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit en anglais ?\",\"a\":\"On ajoute -ed \u00e0 la base des verbes r\u00e9guliers (worked, played) ; les verbes irr\u00e9guliers ont une forme \u00e0 apprendre (went, saw, had). La forme est la m\u00eame \u00e0 toutes les personnes, sauf pour be : was \\\/ were.\"},{\"q\":\"Comment prononcer le -ed du pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit ?\",\"a\":\"\\\/t\\\/ apr\u00e8s une consonne sourde (worked, watched), \\\/d\\\/ apr\u00e8s une voyelle ou une consonne sonore (played, lived), et \\\/\u026ad\\\/, avec une syllabe en plus, seulement apr\u00e8s t ou d (wanted, needed).\"},{\"q\":\"Pourquoi dit-on I didn't go et pas I didn't went ?\",\"a\":\"Parce que c'est l'auxiliaire did qui porte le pass\u00e9. Le verbe principal revient \u00e0 la base verbale : she didn't go, did she go?\"},{\"q\":\"Quelle est la diff\u00e9rence entre pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit et present perfect ?\",\"a\":\"Le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit situe l'action \u00e0 un moment pass\u00e9 r\u00e9volu (I saw it yesterday) ; le present perfect la relie au pr\u00e9sent, sans date (I've already seen it). Avec yesterday, ago ou une date, on emploie toujours le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit.\"},{\"q\":\"Comment dire \u00ab il y a \u00bb + dur\u00e9e en anglais ?\",\"a\":\"Avec ago, plac\u00e9 apr\u00e8s la dur\u00e9e et un verbe au pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit : I met her two years ago.\"}]","_vd_key":"passe-en","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-109","vd_ressource","type-vd_ressource","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vocadial.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vd_ressource\/109","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vocadial.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vd_ressource"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vocadial.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/vd_ressource"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vocadial.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/vd_ressource\/109\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vocadial.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=109"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}